Verbs and tenses (Fiiller ve fiil zamanları)

11) Present Perfect (1) (I have gone, I haven't gone) (Şimdi öncesi zaman)

have + Fillin -ikinci- geçmiş hali
She has finished. (Bitirdi.)

POSITIVE	(Olumlu)
	Full form (Tam yazılımı)	Short form (Kısa yazılımı)
Singular (Tekil)	I have arrived.	I've arrived.
	You have arrived.	You've arrived.
	He/she/it has arrived.	He's/she's/it's arrived.
Plural (Çoğul)	We have arrived.	We've arrived.
	You have arrived.	You've arrived.
	They have arrived.	They've arrived.
NEGATIVE	(Olumsuz)
	Full form (Tam yazılımı)	Short form (Kısa yazılımı)
Singular (Tekil)	I have not arrived.	I haven't arrived.
	You have not arrived.	You haven't arrived.
	He/she/it has not arrived.	He/she/it hasn't arrived.
Plural (Çoğul)	We have not arrived.	We haven't arrived.
	You have not arrived.	You haven't arrived.
	They have not arrived.	They haven't arrived.

	PAST SIMPLE	PAST PARTICIPLE
regular (+ -ed)
play	I played	I have played.
travel	I travelled	I have travelled.
irregular
meet	I met	I have met.
go	I went	I have gone.

Yakın geçmiş zaman diliminde olanlardan bahsederken Present Perfect cümle kullanırız.

At 18.00, Anne arrived home. (Saat 18.00'da Anne eve vardı.)
At 18.01, we can say: (Saat 18.01'de şöyle söyleyebiliriz: )
Anne has arrived home. (Anne eve vardı.)

From 18.10 to 18.20, Anne had a shower. (18.10'dan 18.20'e kadar Anne duş yaptı.)
At 18.21 we can say: (18.21'de şöyle söyleyebiliriz: )
She's had a shower. (O duş yaptı.)

From 18.30 to 19.00 Anne ate her dinner. (18.30'dan 19.00'a kadar Anne akşam yemeğini yedi.)
At 19.01, we can say: (19.01'de şöyle söyleyebiliriz: )
She's eaten her dinner. (O akşam yemeğini yedi.)

Hayatımızdan bahsederken Present Perfect cümle kullanırız.

I've sailed across the Atlantic. (Atlantik okyanusunda yolculuk yaptım.)
I've seen gorillas in Africa. (Afrika'da gorilleri gördüm.)
I haven't danced the Flamenco. (Flamenko dansı yapmadım.)

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